Australian+Perspectives

===  ===


===** Welcome to my Wiki about Australia at War, with a focus on Gallipoli. ** === ===****Focus Area of Wiki: Australia at War, Gallipoli.**** ===

The image above shows the Australian New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) landing at Gallipoli, during World War I. The ANZACs landed on the beach, now called ANZAC cove, under fire from the Turkish troops position above them. This was during April 25, 1915, and on this day, it is celebrated in honour of the ANZACs who lost their lives battling in Gallipoli. The battle at Gallipoli lasted till December, where there was an evacuation of the remaining soldiers. The ANZACs are remembered as brave, courageous soldiers, and also are remembered for their mateship. There is an emphasis on mateship in the stereotype, shown in the photo above. The photo is of a soldier carrying a wounded soldier over his back to a dressing station, as he has been severely injured.

Re__read the above. Make a distinction between the general knowledge that you have and the ideas that are conveyed in the image. Use the specific language of visual imagery within your description to move your analysis forward.__

**Heroes of Gallipoli **

By: David J. Delaney

The poppies might be wilted and trampled by the throng But the memory of our fallen forever will live on <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Their spirits free and roaming distant pebbled sand <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Safe within the bosom of Mustafa’s mother land.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Still can hear them marching, through the city to the quay <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Fight for King and country, in a place that’s called Gallipoli <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">These brave young Australians and volunteers by the score <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Leave behind their loved ones to fight on a foreign shore.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Sailing far across the great expanse of sea <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">What’s about to unfold, no one could foresee <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Training for some time under Egypt’s clear blue sky <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Waiting for the orders to which they must comply.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Sunday 25th a day that history recorded <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">ANZAC tenacity and valour so rightly was applauded <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Turkish troops were ready, positioned themselves quite well <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">From their hilltop advantage, they gave our blokes hell.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Continuing to move forward with the enemy overhead <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">As our troops fell, the pebbled beaches turned to red <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Some called it a battle; we know it was a slaughter <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Many a brave man will never hold his son or daughter.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Nine months of fighting, with no strategic gain <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Over eight thousand dead and many more in pain <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">They died fighting for freedom and democracy <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Albeit at the hands of political diplomacy. <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 4pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">\ <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Evacuation was ordered; they retreated slowly from that shore <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Eleven nights it took, no loss of life the score <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Ever so quiet like actors in a pantomime <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Most successful operation of the war, t’was regarded at the time.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">That Sunday in April, the ANZAC legend was born <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Now every year we pay tribute, salute and mourn <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">For these young men, called “The knights of Gallipoli” <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">You’ll forever be remembered right throughout our history.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> //<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;">“The poppies might be wilted and trampled by the throng // <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> //<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;">But the memory of our fallen will live on and on and on” //

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">//Copied From: <<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; url(http: //www.wikispaces.com/i/a.gif); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px;">[] >//

=<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">** //Commentary:// ** =

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> This poem, titled ‘//Heroes of Gallipoli//’, was written by David J. Delany, and was written in February, 2009. This poem was written for __enjoyment__, and its intended audience is the general public, and anybody who is looking for literature about the Battle of the ANZAC’s <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> (Australia New Zealand Army Corps) in Gallipoli. __Is enjoyment the best word to describe the purpose?????__

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The poem relates to my chosen focus of Australia at War in Gallipoli, and the poem depicts what happened at Gallipoli, on Sunday 25th April, 1915, during World War I. The text does not subvert the common stereotype, which portrays the ANZAC’s as brave and fearless. In this poem, the ANZAC’s are described as brave, fearless people, fighting for the good of their country. This is shown in the 4th stanza, ‘//ANZAC tenacity and////valour// //so rightly applauded//’. __comment on the use of words here__ It also stereotypes them as willing soldiers, but many were actually pressured into joining the ‘great adventure’, and later regretting it. The pressure was in the form of propaganda, with examples of posters showing the future, with children asking their grandparents if they participated in the war. __Then upload these texts and include such texts in your analysis rather than make general comments. Remember this is a lit essay not a history essay__

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The text silences the Turkish view of the Battle at Gallipoli, and instead portrays them as the enemy who hid and fired upon the ANZAC’s from a safe place, being prepared for the ANZAC’s attack. This is shown in the poem in the lines, “//Turkish troops were ready, positioned themselves quite well”//. __Sorry the connotation of hiding is not in the quote you chose. Indeed the skill of the Turks is conveyed in your quote__.This also links back to the common ANZAC stereotype, showing them as brave soldiers, willing to risk themselves even when the Turkish soldiers were firing on them, and they continued, not retreating or running away. __This is not supported by the chosen quote__

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">This text contains a number of literary devices, such as rhyming words. This is at the end of each line, in the structure, a, a, b, b, and so on for the whole poem. This is used to make the poem sound better when the reader reads it out, and it also keeps the poem moving. The rhyming words used include ‘//throng, on//’ and ‘//sand, land//’. __Does this move your analysis forward?__

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The text contributes to our understanding of the Australian Identity in a positive way, showing the world that Australian Soldiers are brave, willing and capable, even when the odds are stacked against them. This text is effective, as it is a simple, interesting way to learn about the battle at Gallipoli, but not to study it in great detail.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">** Select texts from two genres. One text should support a stereotype and the other should subvert a stereotype. **

<span style="font-size: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">**Film:**
<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The Landing at Anzac Cove, an extract from the Movie Gallipoli, produced in 1981. (This extract is not in English)

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">media type="youtube" key="N87UwyRI1tk" height="390" width="480"

====<span style="font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">The Band Played Waltzing Matilda (Song Lyrics): ==== <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">By: Eric Bogle

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">When I was a young man I carried me pack <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And I lived the free life of the rover <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">From the Murray's green basin to the dusty outback <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">I waltzed my Matilda all over <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Then in 1915 my country said: Son, <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">It's time to stop rambling, there's work to be done <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">So they gave me a tin hat and they gave me a gun <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And they sent me away to the war

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And the band played Waltzing Matilda <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">When the ship pulled away from the quay <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And amid all the tears, flag waving and cheers <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">We sailed off for Gallipoli

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">It well I remember that terrible day <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">When our blood stained the sand and the water <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And how in that hell they call Suvla Bay <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">We were butchered like lambs at the slaughter <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Johnny Turk, he was ready, he primed himself well <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">He rained us with bullets, and he showered us with shell <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And in five minutes flat, we were all blown to hell <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">He nearly blew us back home to Australia

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And the band played Waltzing Matilda <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">When we stopped to bury our slain <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Well we buried ours and the Turks buried theirs <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Then it started all over again

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Oh those that were living just tried to survive <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">In that mad world of blood, death and fire <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And for ten weary weeks I kept myself alive <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">While around me the corpses piled higher <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Then a big Turkish shell knocked me arse over head <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And when I awoke in me hospital bed <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And saw what it had done, I wished I was dead <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">I never knew there was worse things than dying

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Oh no more I'll go Waltzing Matilda <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">All around the green bush far and near <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">For to hump tent and pegs, a man needs both legs <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">No more waltzing Matilda for me

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">They collected the wounded, the crippled, the maimed <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And they shipped us back home to Australia <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">The armless, the legless, the blind and the insane <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Those proud wounded heroes of Suvla <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And when the ship pulled into Circular Quay <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">I looked at the place where me legs used to be <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And thank Christ there was no one there waiting for me  <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">To grieve and to mourn and to pity

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And the Band played Waltzing Matilda <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">When they carried us down the gangway <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Oh nobody cheered, they just stood there and stared <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Then they turned all their faces away

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Now every April I sit on my porch <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And I watch the parade pass before me <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">I see my old comrades, how proudly they march <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Renewing their dreams of past glories <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">I see the old men all tired, stiff and worn <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Those weary old heroes of a forgotten war <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And the young people ask "What are they marching for?" <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And I ask myself the same question

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And the band plays Waltzing Matilda <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And the old men still answer the call <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">But year after year, their numbers get fewer <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Someday, no one will march there at all

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Waltzing Matilda, Waltzing Matilda <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">Who'll come a-Waltzing Matilda with me? <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">And their ghosts may be heard as they march by the billabong <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 7pt; line-height: 10px;">So who'll come a-Waltzing Matilda with me?

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Copied From: <<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; url(http: //www.wikispaces.com/i/a.gif); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px;">[] >

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> Write two paragraphs. Paragraph one must be on how one of your texts supports a stereotype and the language, critical, visual elements it uses to do so. Your second paragraph should compare and contrast the two texts and discuss how your second text subverts the stereotype and how language, critical, visual elements are used to do so.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The extract from the movie, Gallipoli, which was produced in 1981, shows the ANZAC's landing at Gallipoli, under fire from the Turkish troops positioned in the cliffs above them. The text supports the stereotype of the ANZAC spirit, which portrays the ANZAC's as brave, willing soldiers, which will not run away in fear. The ANZAC's are also known for their mateship, which is also shown in this extract. In the extract, the viewer is shown the ANZAC's on a number of boats, huddled up together. The viewer can also see that the commanding officeris also on the boat with them. Normally, commanding officers would not enter under fire, but rather keep a safe distance. This can be viewed as an example of mateship, and in this instance, it would be between the officer and the soldiers he commands. Other visual elements used to show stereotypes in this extract is that we cannot see the Turkish soldiers on the cliffs, and only the flashes of gunshots. This is showing that the Turkish soldiers are being silenced, and that they are shown to be cowards compared to the ANZACs, as they were hiding and could not be seen. <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">__You must use the terms that assist you in analysing film texts- you were taught these last year and I've revised them with you, eg close up__

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The second text, a song called '//The Band Played Waltzing Matilda//' by Eric Bogle, subverts the common stereotype of the ANZAC spirit, which shows that their sacrifice was very important and was needed. This is shown in a variety of ways throughout the song, and I will outline some of the examples in the song. The song states that the war in Gallipoli was horrible, unlike the common stereotype which portrayed the battle as a honourable battle, with the Turkish soldiers hiding and firing at the ANZACs from above. This is shown in the line '//We were butchered like lambs at the slaughter//'. The lyrics also state that even after the war, the next generation does not know what happened. This is shown in the line '//And the young people ask "What are they marching for?//" '. This is partly true for a number of people, as even I have forgotten the more important details to the battle of Gallipoli while working on this task, needing me to go back and revise a bit. <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">__Discuss the language in more detail eg 'butchered' is an emotive term that conveys ....__

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 12px; line-height: 13px;">Select a substantial visual text and Make a PowerPoint presentation identifying and discussing the effectiveness of the visual and critical features of the text.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 12px; line-height: 13px;">I have chosen to use a war recruitment poster, which was also used as propaganda for World War 1 as my visual text.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">

==<span style="font-size: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">**<span style="border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-width: 1px; clear: none; color: #837450; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 2.4em; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left; text-shadow: #cccccc 4px 2px 3px;">Diary of Signaller Ellis Silas – diary extract : May 1915 ** == ===<span style="font-size: 1.1em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">**<span style="border-bottom-color: #a79f70; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: #a79f70; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0.9em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-shadow: #cccccc 4px 2px 3px; text-transform: uppercase;">1 MAY ** === <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">We are relieved from the firing line – the battle still raging; every nerve strained. Australians have done splendidly, holding a very difficult position; have been much troubled with snipers. Am glad I have done my duty. First wash for a week – go down to the Water Hole, which is always covered by Turkish snipers – it was safer in the trenches than here – all around this spot are dead and wounded who have been hit when dodging round this corner; however, one must drink, even if the price be Death. Make dug-outs in our rest camps, but men are continually caught by the snipers. Many are commencing to suffer from dysentery, though the spirit of the men is splendid, always ready for a joke. <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Signaller Walker just hit in the mouth – we considered we were out of range in our dug-out but the snipers are everywhere. Sergeant of the machine gun is writing a very amusing diary, full of humour; I wish I had his spirit. <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">In the dug-out just above me a poor chap is lying very ill but has asked me to say nothing to the medical officer as he does not want to get sent away in the middle of the fun, as he calls it. Of such stuff are soldiers made – I think if I were in his place I’d be glad of an excuse to get out of this Hell, though I don’t think I should ever have forgiven myself if I had not come. I hear that to-morrow we are going to make a charge – the Turks are cutting our supplies off; the situation is severely critical. To read this in a newspaper makes an item of passing interest; to experience it is something quite different – if we are up against it, please God I may die in the same spirit that I know my comrades will display, for they know not defeat. ===<span style="font-size: 1.1em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">**<span style="border-bottom-color: #a79f70; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: #a79f70; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0.9em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-shadow: #cccccc 4px 2px 3px; text-transform: uppercase;">2 MAY ** === ===<span style="font-size: 1.1em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">**<span style="border-bottom-color: #a79f70; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 0.9em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-shadow: #cccccc 4px 2px 3px; text-transform: none;">Our supplies are getting cut off – Turks have complete command of the roads through which we have to bring them – tonight we are to take the Ridge. I wonder how I shall get on in a charge, for I have not the least idea how to use a bayonet; even if I had, I should not be able to do so, the thing is too revolting – I can only hope that I get shot – why did they not let me do the RAMC work? I have told the authorities that be often enough that I cannot kill. One poor chap in a dug-out close to us was killed while preparing his meal; he has been lying there for two days – his mess tin full of tea, the charred remains of the fire he was cooking by, a few biscuits scattered about, his pipe by his side – we cannot bury him on account of the snipers; it seems no place is safe from them – efforts are being made to clear them out but it is a difficult job as we cannot spare the men to do it. We are very hard pressed – we were to have had four days’ rest from the firing line but now the situation is so critical that at all costs the enemy must be shifted from the Ridge. Colonel Pope has aged much during these first terrible days. ** === <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">8.30 pm. In half an hour we have to move off for the charge. Close to where we have fallen in, enemy snipers are putting in pretty hot work. I had to go up the road with a message; on the way back apparently I took to the wrong side – Captain Margolin called out to me: > <span style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="display: block; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">‘Keep to the right; don’t you know which is the right side? Run for it, you _ _ _ _ fool!’ <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Then all the men called for me to run for it – ‘the snipers will get you’ – however, I don’t think I cared much whether they did or not – if I am to get hit nothing can stop it; I am tired of never being able to move about with freedom, I’d much rather take my chance – running does not appeal to me; too much like hard work. <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">I have just seen a plucky incident. Some ammunition mules came down this exposed bend; the snipers immediately got on to them, one poor brute was severely wounded; the sight of the blood gushing from the tortured brute quite unnerved me – the rest of the train commenced to break away – despite the great danger, two men rushed forward and caught hold of the startled animals, thus preventing a stampede which, in the confined space of a narrow road – if such it could be called – might have caused an impasse, and this, under the existing conditions, would have been highly dangerous. <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The shrapnel is now ever in the sky, it is as much a part of the landscape as the clouds. At 6p.m. we march off. Half way up to the Hill which we are to take we had a rest for tea, biscuits, bully beef, cheese and jam – I went down to a water hole in a gully; it was very peaceful down there, the sun slanting through the thick foliage; it was difficult to realize that all around us was such Hell. Lieutenant Geddes was also there – a man whom I remember, at our concerts, used to sing very charmingly – poor chap, this was his last night in this world. Just as the sun was setting, throwing its rich colour o’er all the landscape, we formed up for the final march off for the attack – it was difficult going, crawling through the gully which skirted the foot of the hill we were to attack. We were to attack at 7 sharp, prior to which our artillery was to support us – our Battalion, No 6 Platoon supported by the 15th Battalion on the right, 13th on the left. Lieutenant Geddes looked at his watch: > <span style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="display: block; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">‘It is 7 o’clock, Lads,’ he said, ‘Come on, lads, at ’em.’ <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Up we rushed – God, it was frightful – the screams of the wounded, bursting of the shells, and the ear-splitting crackling of the rifles. In a very few minutes the gully at the foot of the hill was filled with dead and wounded – these poor lumps of clay had once been my comrades, men I had worked and smoked and laughed and joked with – oh God, the pity of it. It rained men in this gully; all round could be seen the sparks where the bullets were striking. Amidst this Hell of writhing, mangled men and hail of bullets, a General was walking about: > <span style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="display: block; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">‘Your puttee’s undone, young man,’ he said. > <span style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">‘Yes Sir, that’s all right,’ I replied, ‘I’ll soon fix that up, but for God’s sake, take cover; you’ll be killed.’ <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Every second I expected to see him hit, but not until he had done up my puttee for me would he move – then, with an amused chuckle, he passed his hand over the top of his cap, at the same time remarking, ‘That was a pretty near thing’. A bullet had singed the top of his cap. On my way up the hill I much wondered what I would do when I got to the top – the Corporal of our signallers ordered all the signalers to the rear; this struck me as being curious, I asked him whose orders – he said, ‘Lieutenant Southern’ – so I went down the gully to see what I could do for some of the wounded. It was impossible to walk between them, they were in such heaps. One sergeant, Caldewell, came tearing along, badly wounded but full of spirits – ‘My!’ he said, ‘but they’re willing up there’. Another poor fellow, his right hand shot away, called out, ‘God, but I’ve done my duty. Is that you, Silas old chap; I’ve done my duty, haven’t I?’ I was wondering what our officers were doing for signallers, so determined the reach for them, orders or otherwise – my nerves were quite gone, but still I determined to make the effort. <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">On my way up the hill, a large number of men were lying flat on its face – it was a screen of lead right across. Walker, another signaler, made every effort to reach the top – meanwhile the men were yelling to us to lie flat – we continued our way a little further until we saw the impossibility of our task, so we tried to dig ourselves in, but there was little room for anyone. Our artillery was firing into us as well – then came a cry from the top, ‘We must have ammunition’ – to run down the slope was instant death – there was no officer to give the order and, aware of the urgency of the case, I got up and tore down the hill, for being a signaller I felt it was my duty to take the risk, so I went down to Headquarters with the message. On my way down, in the gully, I came across the reinforcements coming up – one of the chaps said to me ‘Who are you? Where do you come from? What is your name?’, meanwhile drawing his bayonet – I had to answer pretty quickly, otherwise I could have had more steel than I wanted. I then came across Lieutenant Braishaw lying wounded: > <span style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="display: block; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">‘Who are you?’ I said. > <span style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">‘Don’t you know me, Silas?’ he replied. > <span style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">‘What is the password?’ was my next remark. > <span style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">‘Gabba Gabba – don’t you remember, I came over in the same ship with you from Melbourne?’ <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Then I remembered him – perhaps it was foolish of me, but the Turks had played so many clever tricks that it was best to play for safety. I covered him up with some bushes. ‘Can’t you help me to the rear now?’ he said, a natural enough question, as we might not be able to hold the ridge and the wounded would fall into the hands of the Turks: > <span style="list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="display: block; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">‘No sir,’ I replied, ‘I will tell the stretcher bearers to look out for you but I must take the message about the ammunition; it is very urgent.’ <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">I continued on my way – the gullies were choked with wounded; all along the route I kept coming across poor shattered things crawling along in their agony, but I could not stop to help them. Some distance from Headquarters I came across a pile of ammunition boxes – these should have been brought up by reinforcements, but by some error this was not done – I went to Headquarters with my message, where I arrived in a state of collapse – the horrors of this night have been too much for me, I cannot get used to the frightful sights with which I am always surrounded. ===<span style="font-size: 1.1em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">**<span style="border-bottom-color: #a79f70; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: #a79f70; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0.9em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-shadow: #cccccc 4px 2px 3px; text-transform: uppercase;">3 MAY ** === <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Dawn. Oh God, only 250 left of our battalion – there has been a ceaseless stream of wounded, many cases have died on the way down, until in most places the narrow pass is so cumbered with dead and badly wounded waiting for the stretchers that it is becoming impassable – along the edge, bodies are hanging in all sorts of grotesque and apparently impossible attitudes. Seeing those fine stalwart men going up the gully to reinforce and shortly returning, frightfully maimed and covered in blood – I don’t think I shall ever be able to forget this; it’s horrible. One poor fellow, a New Zealander, came tearing past smothered with blood and quite delirious, kissing everyone he passed, upon whom he left splashes of blood. Some come along gasping out their lives and then remain silent for ever. I don’t think we can hold the Ridge much longer – to complicate matters, our own guns are firing into us. Will the stream of wounded never cease? It is now nearly midday and still they keep pouring down – Marines, some of them mere boys, and New Zealanders are supporting us, but keep getting frightfully cut up. I am told to go and rest, which I do upon a hill held by the Marines. I lie down in the sun for a bit, but sleep I cannot. ===<span style="font-size: 1.1em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">**<span style="border-bottom-color: #a79f70; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: #a79f70; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0.9em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-shadow: #cccccc 4px 2px 3px; text-transform: uppercase;">4 MAY ** === <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 1.4em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Rest day – go to a new Rest Camp a little more sheltered from the snipers – expected to be away from the trenches a few days, but at 6.30 p.m. have to return – we are very short of men. Enemy has been busy all night with bombs through which we are losing many men – when I see the men going into the trenches I often wonder how many are coming out – a few minutes after they have been in there is usually a scream, then the awful cry ‘Stretcher bearers’, and then the mangled heap is brought out. The wounded lying in the clean wards of a hospital, with spotless bandages round their wounds, is one thing; but to see them lying there covered with mud from the trenches, the blood oozing through their clothes, and, more often than not, unrecognisable., is quite another. In one portion of the trenches are the remains of what had once been a human being – every time I go through that section of the trenches, which are very narrow, I have to climb over this maimed corpse – there is not the time to bury him. We are putting up wire netting as protection from the bombs – we have very few bombs with which to return the enemy’s continued onslaughts with this hideous weapon. The low thud of their explosion fills me with horror, as I can always picture the result; though God knows I am seeing quite enough horrors without the addition of my terrible imagination. All night the Turks have been sending up star-shells – any moment they may rush us – if they make a determined effort, it’s finish.

<span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">I can see that you have been attempting to do your work. You have shown comprehension of hte subject and texts but need to work towards greater analysis.